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Question
Phase 1: (Introduction):
a. Identify research topic selected and the purpose for which it will be used.( THE USE OF MEDITATION FOR TREATING AXIETY AND DEPRESSION IN OLDER ADULTS)
b. Personal and/or professional interest in the topic.
c. Identification of a clinical problem based on data or knowledge deficit.
d. Formulation of the Evidence-Based Practice Question using PICO (Refer to Syllabus p.13).
Phase II: Validation:
Summarize a synthesis of the evidence from the research articles chosen with outcomes from each phase.
Phase III: Comparative Evaluation:
a. The degree to which the research is a “fit” with your setting (Will it work?)
b. Feasibility (Risks, Resources, Readiness), including administrative support. Identify potential obstacles.
c. Current practice and its effectiveness (consult nurses, texts, standards).
Phase IV: Decision Stage:
a. Who would need to be involved in making the decisions? Be specific.
b. What are the implications for the patient(s) in relation to this change in practice? What is the patient(s) preference?
c. What is the impact on current practice within the organization?
Phase V: Translation/Application:
a. How can findings be used and by whom?
b. What is final form? Design a protocol to implement the findings.
c. What are the implications for practice?
Phase VI: Evaluation:
a. Clarification of anticipated outcomes.
b. How will protocol be evaluated?
c. What data will be used to evaluate the change in practice and patient care?
d. Give specific information about the evaluation process.
Use this PICO as a guide to answer to answer all phases. And only use the articles attached as references
P-Patient or Population : Who are the people with the problem that would benefit from the research? OLDER ADULTS
I-Intervention: Describe a nursing innovation based on your findings.
C- Comparison: In what way is the problem being handled now? Why is this approach not working?
O- Anticipated Outcome: What is the anticipated outcome for patient care or the nursing environment?
T- Time Frame: Specify the time frame for your outcome measures
Answer
Medication to Treat Anxiety and Depression in Older Adults
Contents
Phase III: Comparative Evaluation. 4
Phase V: Translation/Application. 4
Phase 1: Introduction
The nursing topic of interest that will be investigated is “The use of Meditation to Treat Anxiety and Depression in Older Adults.” There is reported connection between meditation and the improvement of cognitive health. Therefore, the study will add to the evidence of the efficacy of the meditation process in improving mental health in older adults. The study will specifically focus on treating anxiety and depression in older adults through meditation. Previously, the effect of meditation on mental and physical health in older adults has not been systematically explored. The PICO question for the study will be “Will the use of medication versus psychotropic medication reduce anxiety in older adult patients post rehab?”
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Phase II: Validation
There are various studies that have been carried out to investigate the effect of meditation on both physical and physiological health. The studies have indicated that meditation can be effective in improving the mental and physical health of patients. Richard J. Davidson et al. (2002) conducted a study to investigate the alterations in brain and immune functions that are caused by mindfulness meditation. In the study, the researchers were much interested in the underlying changes in biological processes, in both mental and physical health, that occur as a result of the use of meditation (Davidson et al., 2002). The researchers used a mindfulness eight-week meditation training known as MBSR to investigate brain and immune function of healthy employees (Davidson et al., 2002). The participants were then tested for affect and anxiety as well as brain electrical activity. Besides, the participants were also vaccinated by an influenza vaccine. The results indicated that a short-term program in mindfulness meditation had a positive effect on the brain and immune function (Davidson et al., 2002). The study thus validates that meditation has a positive effect on mental health.
The second study by Harris A. Eyre et al. titled, Changes in Neural Connectivity and
Memory Following a Yoga Intervention for Older Adults: A Pilot Study, investigated “the effect of yoga intervention on cognitive decline and resting-state functional connectivity” (Eyre et al., 2016, p. 674). The subjects of the study had a mild cognitive impairment. The subjects were subjected to yoga intervention for a period of 12 weeks (Eyre et al., 2016, p. 674). Memory performance changes and visuospatial memory performance measures were then done. The results of the yoga intervention indicated that there was an improvement in both depression and visuospatial memory in the subjects (Eyre et al., 2016, p. 674). The research further validates that yoga, a form of meditation, has a positive effect on the enhancement of memory performance.
The third study by Do-Hyung Kang et al. titled, The Effect of Meditation on Brain Structure: Cortical Thickness Mapping and Diffusion Tensor Imaging, investigated the effects of long-term meditation on brain structural differences (Kang et al., 2013). The researchers used 46 experience meditators as well as a control group of 46 meditation naïve volunteers (Kang, 2013). The measurements employed included magnetic resonance imaging as well as diffusion tensor imaging. The results of the study indicated that there are structural differences of the brain gray and white matter in long-term mediators (Kang et al., 2013). The study further provides evidence of the positive effect of meditation in enhancing cognitive performance. The changes in the structure of the brain are indicative of a positive performance.
Phase III: Comparative Evaluation
The research is fit to my environment because of the availability of older adults and the availability of experienced meditation instructors that will help conducting the chosen medication training. I will also receive administrative support from my organization due to their commitment to inventing alternative treatment methods for anxiety and depression. I have received administrative assurance of support in conducting various tests that will be useful in measuring anxiety and depression levels in the adults. However, my subjects of study will be small due to the resources that will be availed for the study. The meditation training will also be conducted for a short time. The current practice of treating anxiety and depression in older adults mainly includes counseling methods.
Phase IV: Decision Stage
The people involved in the decision-making processes would be the research team and the administrators of the supporting organization. The change of practice to include meditation would be demanding to the patients as some of them are mediation naïve. Most patients prefer counseling sessions because they are less involving and take a short time. The meditation training will be used as an additional method of treatment either done independently or in conjunction with the current practices.
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Phase V: Translation/Application
The findings of the study can be used by health care organizations to improve methods of treatment for patients with anxiety and depression. The results can also be used by researchers to inform further studies in the area. The findings of the study can be implemented by including a medication training in the healthcare institutions as an additional anxiety and depression treatment. The implementation of the findings imply that patients will have an added choice of treatment that they can use to enhance their memory performance.
Phase VI: Evaluation
The implementation of the treatment protocol will ensure that there is an enhanced memory performance in older patients thus reducing anxiety and depression. The protocol will be evaluated for its effectiveness through measuring memory performance changes by magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging.
References
Davidson, R. J., Kabat-Zinn, J., Schumacher, J., Rosenkranz, M., Muller, D., Santorelli, S. F., & Sheridan, J. F. (2003). Alterations in brain and immune function produced by mindfulness meditation. Psychosomatic medicine, 65(4), 564-570.
Eyre, H. A., Acevedo, B., Yang, H., Siddarth, P., Van Dyk, K., Ercoli, L., & Khalsa, D. S. (2016). Changes in neural connectivity and memory following a yoga intervention for older adults: a pilot study. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 52(2), 673-684.
Kang, D. H., Jo, H. J., Jung, W. H., Kim, S. H., Jung, Y. H., Choi, C. H., & Kwon, J. S. (2013). The effect of meditation on brain structure: cortical thickness mapping and diffusion tensor imaging. Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 8(1), 27-33.
